Summary: The article is brief introduced current model when CADCAM platform is undertaking numerical control milling machines process designing, thirdly control of vector of cutting tool of design of contrail of axial cutting tool, 5 axes reachs his the contrast application of the respect such as development of program of orbit design, aftertreatment, undertake demonstrative with the form of example, the hope can use different CAM software platform to make reference is offerred to draw lessons from action when numerical control process designing for the reader. Keyword: Process designing of numerical control milling, CADCAM preface: CNC Machining regards machinery as the delegate of advanced productivity in manufacturing industry, through more than 10 years introduce with development, had produced tremendous effect in the industry such as car, aviation, spaceflight, mould. It promoted the growth of the technical progress of the enterprise and economic benefits. But as a result of many sided reason, the difference that domestic disparate industry behaves in respect of applied CNC Machining is bigger. Configure the reason that waits for a respect as a result of soft hardware of machine tool cutting tool on one hand, especially the machine tool of high speed milling of linkage of much coordinate control, because its cost is very high,import equipment, the enterprise must consider his to invest benefit issue. On the other hand process designing of the CAM software type selecting of milling of high speed of much coordinate linkage, application and development respect, the technology that needs a long period accumulates ability to overtake foreign advanced level, ask to the technical level of personnel taller CAM software applies process designing to develop a field especially show is more apparent. The CAM software platform that is used at numerical control milling to machine process designing is more, more commonly used UGNX, CATIA, Pro/E, Mastercam, Cimatron, Surfcam, Powermill, these CAM software platform produced very big effect in respect of process designing of milling of different company numerical control, although use technological process severally somewhat difference, but the function of process designing of main numerical control that each system provides is more similar. But company product object is different, make the type selecting of pair of CAM platform and the requirement that use a field differ somewhat. Numerical control can satisfy the requirement of the enterprise on process designing of 3 axes milling, but in process designing of 5 axes milling, respect or the presence such as control of vector of cutting tool axis and aftertreatment program development are larger of the difference, especially the treatment process designing of 5 axes machine tool and performance of aftertreatment program development are more outstanding. The article is an environment with respect to general CADCAM software platform, with a few the numerical control milling of specific product target machines example of process designing application, brief introducing the example application that they are having counting accusing 3 axes milling, 5 coordinate linkage machines process designing, aftertreatment to develop mode, machine tool to emulate respect of treatment imitate interface. The hope draws lessons from action somewhat to the reader. One, design of contrail of cutting tool of 3 axes milling has typical CAM platform when undertaking process designing of numerical control milling, its technological process is basic and same, basically involve choice of treatment object definition, cutting tool, treatment mode choice, contrail to optimize an editor to modify the respect content such as control, aftertreatment and hypostatic imitate. Typical CAM platform machines process designing respect in milling of numerical control of 3 axes linkage, include to be rough machining, finish machining, clear root to machine 3 kinds of mode and hypostatic imitate to emulate. In cutting tool contrail generate control means to basically include 2 dimension outline thick finish machining, , deep Kong Zuan cuts treatment, parallel or annular wait tall statified the function such as clear root of streamline of milling, helix milling, curved surface, umbriferous treatment, curved surface, radiative treatment, in high speed milling treatment respect offers circle of high speed R commonly processing of horny control, gearshift, linear plan to close, the contrail such as batten interpolation optimizes strategy. The CAM platform that uses a model is machining curved surface of some thin wall space, sketch map of contrail of its cutting tool pursues as follows 1 ～ is shown 3 times. Can see from inside the graph, in rough machining respect, function of each CAM platform comparatives; On processing of Dan Zaiqing root, UGNX, CATIA, CIMATRONE can undertake clear root is handled for many times; When hypostatic emulation cutting, the platform such as MASTERCAM, CATIA, CIMATRONE, SURFCAM is opposite and character imitate rate is rapidder. 2, when design of contrail of cutting tool of milling of 5 axes numerical control is using CAM platform to undertake contrail of cutting tool of milling of 5 axes numerical control is designed, its core content basically includes vector of cutting tool axis the job that aftertreatment of machine tool of numerical control of processing of knife of means of drive of control, contrail, advance and retreat, 5 axes and treatment of 5 coordinate machine tool emulate the respect such as imitate. Because 5 axes increase the flexibility of the complexity of man-hour product and cutting tool axle control and diversity, the difficulty that causes 5 coordinate linkage to machine process designing and complexity are greater. General CAM platform provides function of process designing of numerical control of 5 axes milling, its basically include (A) rotate four-axle: Multi-purpose rotate at taking workbench or provide those who circle the revolving stage coming back of axis of X, Y four-axle treatment; Like MACH1600 the workbench main shaft that Z axis rotates can stand lie changeover, but external the chamfer on the circle or model antrum undertakes machining; (B) milling of blade of 5 axes bottom: The bottom blade that is used at milling cutter undertakes machining to dimensional curved surface, avoid the treatment of knife of traditional ball head, right now need undertakes to cutter shaft vector reasonable control is designed; (C) side edge 5 axes: The side edge that uses milling cutter undertakes machining to dimensional curved surface, avoid the R cutting of ball head knife, can improve the efficiency of curved surface thick finish machining substantially; (D) milling of 5 axes order and pentahedral treatment: Multi-purpose at content of milling labor situation more polyhedron is machined, if stand,lie the circumstance that changes pentahedral machining center to be able to machine 5 faces on the product or antrum of inside and outside, multi-purpose at working procedure compound turn treatment; (E) curve 5 axes: Undertake to curved surface curve of the space 5 axes curve is machined; (F) 5 axes bore: Undertake to dimensional aperture bore is machined, multi-purpose the position at aperture compares special situation on 3 datum plane no longer, the aperture on the opening that attends like taper seat or product the circumstance that axes direction changes. The content that 5 axes treatment involves dimensional curved surface is more, especially when 5 axes are machined more apparent. Treatment is involved to guide when undertaking 5 axes are machined move face of curved surface, interference, contrail to restrict the crucial technology such as knife of area, advance and retreat and control of cutter shaft vector. The foundation that 5 axes machine four-axle is the vector change that understands cutting tool axis. The vector that one of crucial techniques that 5 axes process four-axle are cutting tool axis (the axes vector of cutting tool axis) in the space how to produce change, and the vector change of cutting tool axis comes true through placing those who move workbench or main shaft to swing. Do not produce situation of fixed axis milling to vector, use 3 axes milling to be able to process a product commonly, key of 5 axes treatment passes vector of axis of control cutting tool to be in namely the constant change of dimensional position or make the vector of cutting tool axis and machine tool primitive coordinate department makes a vacuum a certain angle, the side edge that uses milling cutter or treatment of bottom blade cutting will finish. The vector change control of cutting tool axis has fixed vector, curved surface commonly normal, fixed dot, linear guide move, straight grain face guides move, cutting tool contrail umbriferous, dot the means such as as successive as aleatoric vector interpolation. Typical CAM platform is changing to some when milling of numerical control of taper spare parts machines process designing, the sketch map of cutting tool contrail below each platform environment pursues as follows 4 ～ are shown 7 times. Can see from inside the graph, existing CAM platform can satisfy this product commonly the need of process designing of treatment of 5 coordinate milling. But tell from the use experience of the user, unigraphicsNX platform controls a respect to be behaved more neatly in vector of cutting tool axis, especially the contrail of cutting tool of milling of 5 coordinate linkage that the control of vector of axis of interpolation cutting tool that its offer and function of ordinal milling process designing can make an user very so relaxed that fulfil a wish target. 3, the main content of the aftertreatment program development of process designing of treatment of milling of 5 coordinate numerical control includes pattern of aftertreatment program development: ① algorithm handles: The coordinate commutation when basically be being machined in the light of much coordinate, cross speed of quadrantal processing, feed to control. System of ② numerical control controls the output of the instruction: End of head of compensation of the fixed position that basically includes machine tool sort and machine tool configuration, machine tool, interpolation, main shaft, feed, time-out, cooling, cutting tool, fixed loop, program exports the control that waits for a respect. ③ format changes: Data type changes processing of as whole as the circle, string to wait: The control that the output format that basically is aimed at numerical control system is like the respect such as character of address of unit, output. The configuration form of machine tool of 5 axes numerical control is diversiform, typical configuration has two when circle X axis and Y axis to rotate to swing workbench, circle X axis or Y axis to swing for main shaft secondly, another workbench circle Y axis accordingly or X axis swings will construct treatment of 5 axes linkage. The 5 number of axle that do not swing to main shaft charge a machine tool, its swing axial existence primary and secondary depends on a relation, namely advocate swing axis (Primary Table) motion is affected second swing axis (Secondary Table) dimensional position, and second swing axial motion is not affected advocate swing dimensional position position of the axis. Use at the way of movement of 5 axes machine tool to the model to undertake configuration, but double to workbench swing, main shaft head double swing, main shaft swings reach workbench to swing, workbench is compound swing (circumgyrate) , main shaft is compound swing (circumgyrate) wait for a model 5 axes machine tool undertakes installing. Main shaft circumgyrate or swing corresponding at corresponding machine tool, what its are in the form of drive shaft or driven axis. It is after type of motion of affirmatory machine tool, its rotate axial vector plane and rotate the setting such as the center is very important, : Use at installing drive shaft to reach second change way of vector of runner shaft coming back, setting main shaft or workbench are compound swing axial vector direction. Center of runner shaft coming back, prejudicial setting and cutting tool axis output a setting. Following place show the setting of type of 5 axes machine tool that to be in Mastercam platform issues. #Machine Rotary Routine Settingsmtype: 0 #Machine Type (Define Base And Rotation Plane Below) #0 = Table/Table #1 = Tilt Head/Table #2 = Head/Head #3 = Nutator Table/Table #4 = Nutator Tilt Head/Table #5 = Nutator Head/Headhead_is_sec: The file of the cutting tool way that the CAM platform with existing 1 #Set With Mtype 1 And 4 To Indicate Head Is On Secondary offers includes a level can compile a document (like APT file) with binary file. CATIA, UGNX, surfcam, the CAM such as PROE supports these two kinds of forms, the NCI of MasterCam is another literal format archives.
The aftertreatment has respective aftertreatment each mostly. Following graphs show the aftertreatment user interface of typical CAM platform 8 times. Use text means except Mastercam beyond, major CAM platform offers his aftertreatment user interface, operation setting is more convenient, can use at much CAM platform and system of different compose numerical control especially, if Imspost aftertreatment bag is supportable almost all general CAM platform and popular numerical control system. The development of aftertreatment program edits mode each are not identical, its UnigraphicsNX uses UGPostBuilder, use the 2 development function that is based on TCL language to complete user development; Mastercam is offerred be based on GENERIC FANUC system general file of aftertreatment of 5 axes milling, the user needs to undertake editing modification to its according to particular machine tool, achieve final use demand. Among them CimatronE, Catia can use ImsPost to undertake the aftertreatment is developed; Spost/Gpost uses grand program kind to be used at platform of Surfcam, Pro/Engineer. 4, the product VERICUT that the machine tool machines CGTech of United States of emulation imitate interface, it can use the accuracy of machine program, can let process designing personnel machine an environment to undertake emulation to NC. Apply VERICUT, can be opposite include tool fixture inside whole machine tool builds a model, the control library that its Yi Xiu changes makes NC program moves mediumly in emulation environment, complete imitate on the machine tool move. Itself of system of a few CAM has desired result function, what in-house desired result checks is inside CAD/CAM data, they are going up before the machine tool is carried out, already often was changed for many times. System of exterior desired result can check in-house CAM file not only, still can code of desired result G. Software of NC desired result can the program that different CAM system creates desired result, with similar measure desired result all NC programs, all sorts of CAM systems that make process designing personnel can be used to place get stable reliable result. Software of NC desired result can decrease to enter what the pedestrian is versed in to amend on the machine tool elliptically even, this saved process designing time not only, can make the machine tool is liberated to come out to be used completely at processing a product more. The possibility that desired result program still can make do poorly done work over again, treatment gives reject and attaint treatment cutting tool falls lowest. Vericut provided a lot of functions, the complete figure that has pair of semifinished product dimension, position and position among them shows, but CNC Machining of linkage of imitate 2~5 axis. Existing CAM platform is offerred with Vericut embedded interface or changeover function. Following plan institute are shown wait for the changeover setting between platform and Vericut for UGNX, CATIA, Mastercam respectively, and they can undertake with Vericut directly embedded the link is emulated, wait like platform of Pro/Engineer, UGNX, CATIA, Mastercam. Among them UGII/Vericut cutting emulation module is compositive the tripartite module in UGII software, it uses interactive means simulation, examine and show NC machine program, it is the method of program of a kind of convenient numerical control of test and verify. As a result of leave out try cut pattern, can save a machine tool to debug time, reduce cutting tool to wear away to clear with the machine tool the job. Adopt the semifinished product form that defines the spare parts that be cut, call NC Dao Weiwen data, with respect to the validity of the cutting tool method that can examine to be generated by NC. UGII/Vericut can show the chromatic spare parts model after treatment, the examination with OK and easy user gives incorrect treatment case. If pursue,the 9 data that are UGNX, CATIA, Mastercam and Vericut change interface setting, graph 10 emulate imitate to be based on the machine tool of Vericut environment to machine, can help an user raise 5 coordinate to machine the efficiency of process designing and quality substantially. 5, when CAM platform uses brief summary model at numerical control milling to machine process designing, the basic function of each platform is about the same. On detail control, UG is more agile, to treatment of high speed cutting, should use helix milling treatment, perhaps configure circular arc to transfer to support high speed treatment on certain level in corner office; On the function that supports gearshift cutting, high speed machines what corner is in to fall on fast processing, UG and CiamtronE are relatively better, cimatronE supports gearshift cutting, mastercam falls once only fast function; In the processing on root ministry clear root, UG and CiamtronE are relatively better, can realize clear root for many times; Vector of axis of cutting tool of 5 axes milling controls means to go up, UGNX is very agile, other platform can satisfy use requirement basically, on the agile application development that basically relies on an user; The UGII/PostBuilder on aftertreatment program development is agile, mastercam uses text form, and the Imspost that CimatronE and Catia all can use program of system of numerical control of supportive different compose and CAM platform numerical control to change undertakes an aftertreatment, surfcam and Proe can use same aftertreatment NCpost or Gpost; Concern with the interface between Vericut software, on emulation treatment, each platform all can be linked; Parameter changes drive respect UGNX, Catia, Pro/Engineer to wait to all support parameter to change editor of cutting tool contrail to revise, relative to its pattern plate of numerical control process designing and parameter change a function a few more powerful. Bibliographical reference: [1] technology of practical CNC Machining, " technology of practical CNC Machining " make up appoint meeting, arms industry press, 1995 [2] the theoretical foundation of CNC Machining process designing, liu Xiongwei, machinist trade publishing house, 2000 CNC Milling